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Practice Of Real EstateState_specificHARD

A Nevada real estate agent is representing a buyer purchasing a rural property in Humboldt County. The seller's disclosure form states that the property has a domestic well permit but does not mention any surface water rights. During due diligence, the buyer's agent discovers that the seller has been diverting water from a seasonal creek on the property for irrigation for 12 years without a valid appropriation permit. Which of the following best describes the legal status of the seller's irrigation water use?

Correct Answer

B) The seller's use is unauthorized because Nevada requires a valid appropriation permit from the State Engineer for any diversion of surface water, and unpermitted use does not create a valid water right

Nevada operates under the prior appropriation doctrine and requires that any diversion of surface water be authorized by a valid appropriation permit issued by the Nevada State Engineer under NRS Chapter 533. Unpermitted diversion of surface water is illegal regardless of how long it has continued. Nevada does not recognize prescriptive water rights or adverse possession of water rights in the same way some other property rights may be acquired. The seller's 12 years of unpermitted irrigation diversion does not create a valid, transferable water right.

Answer Options
A
The seller has established a prescriptive water right through 12 years of continuous use, which will transfer to the buyer at closing
B
The seller's use is unauthorized because Nevada requires a valid appropriation permit from the State Engineer for any diversion of surface water, and unpermitted use does not create a valid water right
C
The seller's use is protected under the riparian rights doctrine because the creek runs through the property, giving the seller the right to divert water for irrigation
D
The seller has acquired a valid water right by adverse possession after using the water openly and continuously for more than 5 years

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Related Topics & Key Terms

Key Terms:

unpermitted_water_useappropriation_permitstate_engineerprescriptive_rights_inapplicablesurface_water

Related Concepts

Broker supervision is the legal obligation of a designated or managing broker to oversee and be accountable for the real estate activities of all salespersons and associate brokers operating under their license.

Commingling is the illegal act of mixing client funds with a broker's personal or business operating funds, while conversion is the unauthorized use of client funds for the broker's own benefit. Both are serious violations that can result in license revocation.

Commingling is the illegal act of mixing client trust funds with a broker's personal or business operating funds; conversion is the misappropriation of those funds.

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