A Virginia real estate broker advises her client that a deed conveying property with the statutory phrase 'with general warranty' is legally equivalent to including all five traditional English covenants of title by operation of Virginia law. The broker is correct. Which Virginia statute authorizes this shorthand approach, allowing the phrase 'with general warranty' to import all warranty covenants without spelling them out individually?
Correct Answer
B) Va. Code § 55.1-356, which provides that statutory warranty language imports all covenants of title
Virginia Code § 55.1-356 provides that when a deed uses the statutory phrase 'with general warranty,' it is deemed to include by operation of law all five traditional covenants of title: seisin, right to convey, against encumbrances, quiet enjoyment, and warranty. This statutory shorthand means a drafter does not need to enumerate each covenant individually — the phrase 'with general warranty' in a Virginia deed imports all of them automatically. This is a Virginia-specific statutory rule that exam candidates must know.
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