For a new residential construction project in California, when is a reduced pressure principle (RPP) backflow prevention assembly required according to the California Residential Code?
Correct Answer
A) When the water service supplies lawn sprinkler systems with chemical injection capability
CRC Section 2902.3.6 requires RPP assemblies for high-hazard cross-connections, including irrigation systems with chemical injection capability. The RPP assembly provides the highest level of backflow protection by maintaining two independent check valves and a pressure differential relief valve, preventing contaminated water from entering the potable water supply.
Why This Is the Correct Answer
Option A is correct because the California Residential Code Section 2902.3.6 specifically requires reduced pressure principle (RPP) backflow prevention assemblies for high-hazard cross-connections. Lawn sprinkler systems with chemical injection capability create a high-hazard situation where fertilizers, pesticides, or other chemicals could contaminate the potable water supply through backflow. The RPP assembly provides the highest level of protection with dual check valves and pressure relief valve to prevent this contamination.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B: On all residential water service connections regardless of use
This is incorrect because RPP assemblies are not required on all residential water service connections. The California Residential Code only mandates specific backflow prevention devices based on the level of hazard present. Many residential connections require only atmospheric vacuum breakers or pressure vacuum breakers, not the more expensive and complex RPP assemblies.
Option C: Only for multi-family residential buildings with 4 or more units
This is incorrect because the requirement for RPP assemblies is not based on the number of residential units in a building. The requirement is determined by the specific cross-connection hazards present, such as chemical injection systems, regardless of whether it's a single-family home or multi-family building.
Option D: Only when the residence has a swimming pool with automatic fill valve
This is incorrect because swimming pools with automatic fill valves typically require atmospheric vacuum breakers or pressure vacuum breakers, not RPP assemblies. Swimming pools are generally considered medium-hazard cross-connections unless they have chemical feed systems or other high-hazard features that would necessitate an RPP assembly.
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