A worker is exposed to lead dust during renovation work. The 8-hour time-weighted average exposure exceeds 30 micrograms per cubic meter. What action is required?
Correct Answer
B) Implement medical surveillance program
OSHA's lead standard requires medical surveillance when workers are exposed above the action level of 30 micrograms per cubic meter as an 8-hour time-weighted average for 30 or more days per year.
Why This Is the Correct Answer
OSHA's lead standard (29 CFR 1926.62) specifically requires employers to implement a medical surveillance program when workers are exposed to lead at or above the action level of 30 micrograms per cubic meter as an 8-hour time-weighted average for 30 or more days per year. This medical surveillance includes initial medical examinations, periodic follow-ups, and biological monitoring to protect worker health. The medical surveillance requirement is triggered at the action level, which is half of the permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 50 micrograms per cubic meter.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A: Provide respiratory protection only
While respiratory protection may be part of the overall lead protection program, providing only respiratory protection is insufficient when the action level is exceeded. OSHA requires a comprehensive approach including medical surveillance, not just PPE.
Option C: Stop work immediately
Work does not need to stop immediately at 30 micrograms per cubic meter, as this is the action level, not the permissible exposure limit (PEL). Work would only need to stop if exposure exceeded the PEL of 50 micrograms per cubic meter and could not be controlled.
Option D: Increase ventilation and continue work
Simply increasing ventilation and continuing work does not address the mandatory medical surveillance requirement triggered at the action level. While engineering controls like ventilation are important, they don't eliminate the need for medical monitoring.
Memory Technique
Think '30 = Medical Action' - when lead exposure hits 30 micrograms, medical surveillance action is required.
Reference Hint
OSHA Construction Standards 29 CFR 1926.62 - Lead exposure in construction
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