A seller completes a TDS for a property in Ventura County and discloses that the septic system was installed in 1990, but omits that the system overflowed last winter. The listing agent learned of the overflow during a conversation with the seller prior to listing. The buyer purchases the property and later discovers the septic history. Which of the following best describes the potential liability?
Correct Answer
C) Both the seller and the listing agent may be held liable, because each had independent knowledge of a material fact that was not disclosed to the buyer
Under Cal. Civil Code §1102, sellers are required to disclose all known material facts on the TDS. The septic overflow is a material defect the seller knew about and omitted. Separately, under Cal. Civil Code §1102.6 and the agent's statutory duty of honest dealing, a listing agent who has actual knowledge of a material fact — regardless of how that knowledge was acquired — must disclose it to the buyer. Because both parties had independent knowledge and failed to disclose, both may be held liable.
Why This Is the Correct Answer
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Deep Analysis of This Practice Of Real Estate Disclosures Question
Background Knowledge for Practice Of Real Estate Disclosures
Real World Application in Practice Of Real Estate Disclosures
Common Mistakes to Avoid on Practice Of Real Estate Disclosures Questions
Related Topics & Key Terms
Key Terms:
Related Concepts
Megan's Law requires states to make information about registered sex offenders available to the public. Some states require real estate agents to inform buyers about the availability of sex offender registries.
Mold disclosure involves informing buyers about the presence of mold or conditions that are conducive to mold growth in a property. While no federal mold disclosure law exists, many states require disclosure of known mold issues.
A property condition disclosure is a written statement by the seller detailing the known condition of the property, including defects, repairs, and issues with major systems. Most states require sellers to complete this form.
More Practice Of Real Estate Disclosures Questions
At a DRE administrative disciplinary hearing in California, what standard of proof must the Department meet to sustain a finding against a licensee?
A California property owner in a Mello-Roos CFD discovers that the bond proceeds were mismanaged by the CFD administrator and the planned community park was never built, even though property owners have been paying the special tax for 10 years. What legal recourse does the property owner have?
A seller in Sacramento is selling a single-family home. The listing agent wants to ensure accurate NHD information. Under California law, can the seller's agent rely on a third-party NHD report from a qualified company to satisfy the disclosure requirement?
A landlord instructs a California real estate agent to apply stricter application screening criteria to rental applicants based on their national origin. The agent follows these instructions. Which of the following best describes the agent's legal exposure?
Under California law, how often must a broker reconcile the trust account?
- → A California broker places an ad that states: 'As seen on HGTV — our agents are the best in the state!' None of the broker's agents have appeared on HGTV. Under California law, this advertisement:
- → Under California law, several disclosures relate to property taxes and special assessments. All of the following must be disclosed to a buyer EXCEPT:
- → A landlord must give a month-to-month tenant how many days' notice to terminate the tenancy in California (for tenancies less than one year)?
- → A California broker is ready to assign a new salesperson to handle client showings and write offers. Under Cal. B&P Code §10159.2 and DRE regulations, which of the following best describes the broker's licensing-related responsibility before the salesperson begins working?
- → George, a California seller, completes the TDS for his home in Anaheim. He marks 'Yes' to the question about whether he is aware of any room additions or structural modifications. He then writes that he added a bedroom and bathroom three years ago with a building permit. Under California law, is this disclosure adequate?
- → A salesperson receives a $2,000 cash earnest money deposit from a buyer during a property showing. Under Commissioner's Regulation 2832, what is the salesperson's required next step?
- → A commission check payable to a California brokerage arrives after a transaction closes. The salesperson who closed the deal asks the broker to endorse the check directly to the salesperson rather than processing it through the brokerage. Under DRE regulations, what is the broker's correct course of action?
- → During a DRE audit of a California broker's office, the auditor finds that the last completed trust account reconciliation is dated eight months ago. Which of the following best describes the broker's compliance status under Commissioner's Regulation 2831.2?
- → Under Cal. B&P Code §10159.2, a California broker is required to maintain a written office policy manual. Which of the following most accurately describes the scope of topics the manual must address?
- → California requires notice for estate at will termination:
People Also Study
Buyer Representation Agreement
8% of exam
Property Ownership
10% of exam
Land Use Controls and Regulations
8% of exam
Valuation and Market Analysis
10% of exam
Related Articles
Property Flyer Generator — 2026 Guide for U.S. Agents: Step-by-Step + Best Practices
Learn how Property Flyer Generator works and how U.S. real estate agents use it in 2026. Includes setup steps, practical examples, and best-practice tips.
Why Real Estate Exam Notes Stop Helping Once You Avoid Mixed Practice
A topic that feels clear in notes can still fail in practice if recall has not caught up with recognition. If you are searching for real estate exam notes...
Real Estate Exam Practice Questions by Topic (2026): Free Sets for Contracts, Agency, Financing
Get topic-based real estate exam practice sets and a simple sequence to move from learning to timed mocks.
Previous Question
A listing agent in California is preparing to complete the agent visual inspection section of the TDS for a property in Stockton. The home has a locked crawl space under the house that is not accessible without tools. Under Cal. Civil Code §2079, is the agent required to inspect this crawl space?
Next Question
Under California law, the listing agent has a duty to conduct a visual inspection of the property and report findings on the TDS. All of the following are within the scope of the agent's visual inspection duty EXCEPT:
