In California seismic design category D, what is the maximum spacing allowed between horizontal reinforcement in grouted masonry walls according to the CBC?
Correct Answer
C) 16 inches
CBC Section 2103.13.4.1 requires that in seismic design category D, horizontal reinforcement spacing in grouted masonry walls shall not exceed 16 inches on center. This closer spacing is required in high seismic areas to provide adequate ductility and strength to resist earthquake forces.
Why This Is the Correct Answer
CBC Section 2103.13.4.1 sets the maximum horizontal reinforcement spacing at 16 inches on center for grouted masonry walls in Seismic Design Category D. SDC D represents high seismic risk, requiring closer reinforcement spacing to improve ductility and energy dissipation during an earthquake. Tighter spacing ensures the wall can flex and resist lateral forces without catastrophic failure.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A: 24 inches
24 inches is the standard spacing used in lower seismic categories or non-seismic masonry design. In SDC D, this spacing is insufficient because the increased seismic forces demand more closely spaced reinforcement to achieve the required lateral strength and ductility.
Option B: 32 inches
32 inches is even more widely spaced than 24 inches and would be dangerously inadequate in a high seismic zone. This value does not correspond to any CBC requirement for grouted masonry reinforcement in SDC D.
Option D: 48 inches
48 inches is the maximum allowable spacing in very low seismic risk zones or for non-structural masonry. Using 48-inch spacing in SDC D would grossly violate code and result in walls that lack adequate seismic resistance.
Memory Technique
Associate '16 inches' with the letter 'D' in SDC D: both are the 4th element in their respective sequences (16 is 4 × 4; D is the 4th letter). Alternatively: 'In the danger zone (SDC D), keep reinforcement tight — every 16 inches.'
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