A roof area measures 2,400 square feet. If asphalt shingles have a coverage rate of 98.4 square feet per bundle and 15% waste is anticipated, how many bundles are needed?
Correct Answer
D) 28 bundles
Total area with waste = 2,400 × 1.15 = 2,760 sq ft. Bundles needed = 2,760 ÷ 98.4 = 28.05, rounded up to 28 bundles. Including waste factor ensures adequate material for cuts and installation losses.
Why This Is the Correct Answer
To calculate bundles needed: First, add 15% waste to the roof area: 2,400 × 1.15 = 2,760 square feet. Then divide by coverage per bundle: 2,760 ÷ 98.4 = 28.05 bundles. Since you cannot purchase partial bundles, this rounds to 28 bundles. The waste factor accounts for cuts, damaged materials, and installation losses typical in roofing projects.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A: 32 bundles
32 bundles results from incorrectly calculating the waste factor or using wrong coverage rates. This would provide excessive material, leading to unnecessary costs and waste on the job site.
Option B: 26 bundles
26 bundles fails to account for the 15% waste factor. This calculation uses only the base roof area (2,400 ÷ 98.4 ≈ 24.4, rounded up to 26), which would result in insufficient materials for proper installation.
Option C: 30 bundles
30 bundles represents an overcalculation, possibly from using an incorrect waste percentage (around 22% instead of 15%) or mathematical errors in the division process.
Memory Technique
Remember 'WAD': Waste Added, Divide. First add waste percentage to total area, then divide by coverage per bundle. Always round UP for material quantities.
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