The distinction is about whether the reader needs to do anything. An informational note records a fact worth knowing that requires no action — the water heater's age, the type of wiring, that the roof covering appears to be a second layer, that the crawl space is sealed rather than vented. A deficiency identifies something that needs attention, whether repair, further evaluation, monitoring or replacement. Keeping the two visually and structurally separate is what makes a report usable, because a reader working through a mixed list has to evaluate every item to find the ones that matter. It also protects the inspector, since a fact recorded as a note is documented as having been observed and reported even though no action was recommended.