A grantor conveys California property to a grantee using the phrase 'so long as the property is used as a museum.' The grantee later converts the property to office space. Which type of estate was created, and what is the legal consequence of the conversion?
Correct Answer
D) Fee simple determinable; title automatically reverts to the grantor or heirs upon violation of the durational condition
Durational language such as 'so long as,' 'while,' 'during,' or 'until' creates a fee simple determinable under California property law. This estate automatically terminates and title reverts to the grantor — through the future interest known as a possibility of reverter — the moment the specified condition is violated, with no legal action required.
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Angela, a homeowner in California, has declared a homestead exemption on her primary residence. She owes $30,000 in unpaid federal income taxes. Can the IRS force the sale of her homesteaded property to satisfy the tax lien?
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Helen, a single woman, and Mark, a single man, purchase an investment property together in California. They each contribute 50% of the purchase price but do not specify the form of ownership on the deed. Under California law, how is the property presumed to be held?