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Valuation and Market Analysis Flashcards

Appraisal methods, comparative market analysis, and property valuation. Master key valuation terms with free flip cards — definitions, examples, and exam tips included.

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Valuation

Comparable Sales Approach

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Definition

The comparable sales approach estimates a property's value by comparing it to similar properties that have recently sold in the same market area. It is the most widely used and reliable approach for appraising residential properties.

Example

If the subject property has 3 bedrooms and a comparable that sold for $300,000 has 4 bedrooms, the appraiser would subtract the value of the extra bedroom (say $15,000) from the comparable's price, adjusting it to $285,000.

Exam Tip

Always remember: adjust the comparable, not the subject. Use the mnemonic CBS—Comparable Better, Subtract. If the comparable is better than the subject, subtract from the comparable's price. If the comparable is inferior, add to its price.

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Valuation and Market Analysis Terms & Definitions

10 key terms to master for the real estate exam

Comparable Sales Approach

The comparable sales approach estimates a property's value by comparing it to similar properties that have recently sold in the same market area. It is the most widely used and reliable approach for appraising residential properties.

Cost Approach

The cost approach estimates a property's value by calculating the current cost to rebuild the improvements, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the land value. It is most reliable for new construction and special-purpose properties.

Depreciation of Investment Property

Depreciation is an accounting method of allocating the cost of an asset over its useful life, allowing investors to deduct a portion of the asset's cost each year.

Highest and Best Use

Highest and best use is an appraisal concept that identifies the most profitable, legally permitted, physically possible, and financially feasible use of a property. It is the foundation of all property valuation.

Homestead Portability

Homestead portability allows homeowners to transfer a portion of their accumulated homestead tax savings to a new homestead in the same state.

Income Approach

The income approach estimates a property's value based on the income it generates by converting net operating income into a value estimate using a capitalization rate. It is the preferred method for income-producing properties.

Property Tax Assessment Limits

Many states have laws to limit how much property taxes can increase each year, regardless of market value fluctuations.

Property Tax Exemptions and Relief Programs

Various programs and exemptions exist to reduce the property tax burden for specific groups, such as seniors, homesteaders, or veterans.

Real Estate Transfer Taxes

A transfer tax is a tax imposed on the transfer of ownership of real estate.

Reconciliation in Appraisal

Reconciliation is the final step in the appraisal process where the appraiser analyzes the value indications from all applicable approaches and arrives at a single final opinion of value. It is not a simple average of the three values.

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